In short: Countries with different economic structures require individualized AI labor market strategies that combine national plans with EU coordination.
OpenAI’s chief economist Aaron Chatterji emphasized at a Politico conference in Brussels that there is no one-size-fits-all solution for AI’s impact on employment in the EU. Each country must adapt its strategy to its economic structure.
According to an OpenAI report, AI automation in the EU will vary by region. Germany, Greece, and Italy have the highest share of jobs with “high automation potential,” while Luxembourg, Sweden, and the Netherlands have the most occupations with growth potential through AI.
According to the report, nearly 47 percent of EU employment will not be directly affected. About 14 percent of jobs are subject to “relatively higher near-term automation potential,” while around 12 percent are in occupations that could grow through AI because declining costs will unlock or enable new projects.
Chatterji argued that each country’s economic structure requires different policy approaches. A country with a pronounced services sector needs different measures than an industrial state. National readiness plans and AI literacy programs must be tailored to these specific characteristics.
EU institutions should play a supporting role by coordinating retraining programs and evaluating their effectiveness. This requires budget and experimentation, supported through government subsidies and evidence-based research – not just program implementation. National plans are a complement to EU-wide regulations, not a substitute for them.
Source: www.politico.eu · Published June 29, 2026
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